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HIGH COLORY FOODS AND COLORY RATING
Wonder Foods
Garlic :
Garlic :
Helps to reduce cholesterol and blood fats. Antibacterial and anti fungal properties. Combats viral conditions. Protects against stomach cancers. - ( K Zn Fe Se Bc ) allicin.
Onion:
Helps to prevent cancer and circulatory disorders. Helps to prevent heart disease. Reduces risks of bladder cancer in smokers. - ( C K Bc ) quercetin, allicin.
Honey:
Reduces stomach ulcers. Helps in treating gastro-enteritis and is a soothing remedy for minor wounds and burns. - ( K ) carbohydrate, sugar.
Tofu:
Prevents breast cancer. Reduces prostate cancer. Lowers blood cholesterol levels. Reduces the risks of osteoporosis and illiminates the symptoms of menopause. - ( Ca Fe Bc ) protein, isoflavones.
Tomatoes:
Lowers the risk of prostate, mouth, esophagus, stomah, colon cancers. Reduces heart disease. Stimulates mental and physical activity in the elderly. - ( C E ) lycopene, beta carotene.
Celery:
Useful in weight loss eating plans. Relieves high blood presure. Known for it's calming effects. Used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. - ( K Ca C ) phthalides, fiber.
Nuts: Boosts the immune system. Lowers cholesterol levels. Reduces the risks of heart and other age related diseases. Prevents osteoporosis. - ( Fe E Ca ) protein, lignans.
Legumes:
Reduces the risk of heart disease. Control blood sugar levels. Lowers the risks of colon cancer. Prevents anemia. Maintains the proper levels of iron and calcium in the body. - ( Ca Fe Zn ) protein, fiber.
Brassicas:
(cabbage, broccoli, cauliflower, kale, brussel sprouts, turnips,kohlrabi, rutabaga, bok choy)Boosts the immune system. Prevents cancer. Prevents spina bifida. Prevents heart disease. - ( C Ca Fe ) carotenes, indoles.
Root Vegetables:
Prevents blood clots and aterial blockages. Reduces the risks of heart disease. Prevents a variety of cancers. Protects against the damages caused by nicotein. - ( K C Bc ) fiber, carotenes.
Rice:
Prived quick energy. Reduces the risks of colon cancer. Helps to maintain the nervous system. Reduces blood presure and cholesterol levels. - ( B1 B3 K ) carbohydrate, fiber.
Oats:
Lowers blood cholesterol. Useful in weight-reduction diets. Suitable for people with diabetes. - ( Fe Zn ) carbohydrate, insoluble fiber, protein.
Corn:
Lowers the risks of spina bifida in babies. Prevents heart disease. Reduces the risk of colon cancer. - ( K P ) carbohydrate, niacin, fiber.
Wheat:
Prevents cancer of the colon. Lowers the risks of breast cancer. Prevents and cures arterial blockages. Lowers the risk of heart disease. - ( K ) carbohydrate, fiber, phytosterols, protein.
Seeds:
Helps to maintain prostate health. Relieves bowel problems. Reduces the risk of heart disease. Prevents anemia. Sooths symptoms of psoriasis and eczema. - ( Zn E Ca ) protein, omega fatty acids.
Squashes and Pumkins:
Prevents cancer of the prostate. Contributes to the health of the retina and lens of the eye. Strengthens the immune system. Reduces the risk of heart disease. - ( C K ) beta carotene, fiber.
Avocado:
Contributes to the prevention of heart disease. Boosts the immune system in the elderly. Improves male fertility. - ( E K B6 ) monounsaturated fat, fiber.
Artichoke: Lowers high cholesterol and fats in the blood. Protects against hepatitis. Increases the beneficial bateria level in the large intestine. Protects against skin cancer. - ( K Fe ) cynarin, silymarin, inulin.
Beets: Helps prevent spina bifida in babies when taken in preganancy. Reduces the risks of heart disease. Helps control cholesterol levels. Useful refueling food for tired muscles. - ( Bc C Fe ) fiber, anthocyanidins
Mushrooms:
Boosts the immune system by stimulating white blood cells. Has certain anti-cancer properties. Prevents blood clots by thinning the blood. - ( K Bc ) lentinan, d-fraction, biotin
Sea Weed:
Protects against certain cancers. Useful source for Iron and Calcium. - ( Ca K Fe ) iodine, carotene
Oils:
Reduces cholesterol and protects against heart disease. Slows the aging process. Helps in fighting infections and inflamatory skin diseases. - ( E ) monounsaturated fats, omega-3 fatty acids
Herbs: Fights food poisoning bacteria. Lessens the aging effect of pollution. Helps in the treatment of diabetes. Reduces cholesterol and blood presure. Protects against cancer. - ( C E Bc Fe ) carotenes
Tea:
Helps in the prevention of heart disease. Lowers the risk of strokes in the elderly. Helps in the prevention of kidney failure. Helps stunting the growth of cancers. - polyphenols, caffein
Spices:
Reduces inflamation. Helps fight cancer. Relieves symptoms of menopause. Relieves colds and chills. - eugenol, carvone, llimonene, cuminaldehyde
Oily Fish:
Relieves symptoms of psoriasis. Reduces the risk of heart disease. Maintains bone density. Prevents anemia. - ( D E ) protein, EPA, DHA
Shellfish:
Important for male fertility. Provides nutrients for blood, bone and muscle functions. Helps in the prevention of cancer. - ( Zn Se ) protein, EPA, DHA
Poultry and game birds:
Improves the blood and concentration levels. Prevents anemia. - ( Fe Zn B12 ) protein, monosaturated fats
Lamb:
Prevents anemia. Builds and maintains body tissues. Maintains the nervous system. - ( Fe Zn Se B12 ) protein
Berries:
Prevents varicose veins. Eases rheumatoid arthritis. Reduces the risks of cancer. Helps in the treatment of urinary tract infections. Has anti-bacterial properties. - ( C K Bc ) anthocyanidins, fiber
Citrus Fruits:
Prevents cancer of the stomach and the colon. In large amounts reduces the risk of cataracts. Helps the body absorb Iron and reduces the risk of anemia. - ( C Bc K ) lycopene, fiber
FOR YOUR KARATE KIDS
HELLO EVERY ONE
understand how hard it is to raise children these days. And, we know all the worries you have for your kids – bullying from their peers, pressure to abuse drugs and alcohol, and adult images in the media and on the Internet.
Children today have to deal with challenges that are overwhelming. Sadly, it is nearly impossible to shield your children from these ever-present negative influences. But, there is somethin
g you can do to help them deal with the many challenges they face.
Many parents have already discovered that martial art training is one of the most beneficial activities in which your child can participate. A martial arts school is a place where a child can learn self-control, respect, and get in shape, all in a safe and fun environment.
By enrolling your child in our martial arts classes, you’ll be helping them learn how to make positive choices. Plus, you’ll be giving them a safe place where they can develop the confidence to do what is right.
The Life-Changing Positive Benefits Our Martial Arts Program Provides:
Every year, parents like you bring their children to enroll in our children’s martial arts program. And every year, those children reap the rewards that our properly instructed martial art programs provide.
In our martial arts program, your child will improve their confidence, increase their focus, and develop more self-control. We can say this with confidence because we have personally witnessed the positive effects our programs have provided for children just like your own.
Here a short explanation of how our programs teach these valuable life skills:· Confidence - By learning how to protect themselves, your children will develop confidence in their ability to handle life’s challenges. In turn, their improved confidence will give them the courage to say “no” to negative influences.· Focus – We will help your child increase their focus by giving them clear goals and showing them how to reach those goals through hard work and being consistent. Self-control – Kids learn self-control in the martial arts by learning how important it is to have respect, both for themselves and for others. Martial arts training teaches that in order to get respect, you first have to give it. Once your child learns this important lesson, their self-control will naturally increase.
Children today have to deal with challenges that are overwhelming. Sadly, it is nearly impossible to shield your children from these ever-present negative influences. But, there is somethin
g you can do to help them deal with the many challenges they face.Many parents have already discovered that martial art training is one of the most beneficial activities in which your child can participate. A martial arts school is a place where a child can learn self-control, respect, and get in shape, all in a safe and fun environment.
By enrolling your child in our martial arts classes, you’ll be helping them learn how to make positive choices. Plus, you’ll be giving them a safe place where they can develop the confidence to do what is right.
The Life-Changing Positive Benefits Our Martial Arts Program Provides:
Every year, parents like you bring their children to enroll in our children’s martial arts program. And every year, those children reap the rewards that our properly instructed martial art programs provide.
In our martial arts program, your child will improve their confidence, increase their focus, and develop more self-control. We can say this with confidence because we have personally witnessed the positive effects our programs have provided for children just like your own.
Here a short explanation of how our programs teach these valuable life skills:· Confidence - By learning how to protect themselves, your children will develop confidence in their ability to handle life’s challenges. In turn, their improved confidence will give them the courage to say “no” to negative influences.· Focus – We will help your child increase their focus by giving them clear goals and showing them how to reach those goals through hard work and being consistent. Self-control – Kids learn self-control in the martial arts by learning how important it is to have respect, both for themselves and for others. Martial arts training teaches that in order to get respect, you first have to give it. Once your child learns this important lesson, their self-control will naturally increase.
Positive Role Models Who Will Encourage Your Child to Succeed
Kids need strong role models who set a positive example for them to follow. Yet, everyone knows that kids can’t look up to professional athletes anymore – so where can they turn for positive examples to follow?
Our answer to this question is our professional staff of caring instructors. We honestly believe our martial art instructors are some of the best role models your child could have.
Experience has shown us that kids respond to our martial art teachers in way that no other coach or instructor can match. Because we realize how much our students look up to us, we work hard to set a positive example for them by living the martial arts principles of honesty, integrity, courage, kindness, and self-control.
As you know, children are hard-wired to seek attention and approval. So, when kids see positive behaviors demonstrated by our instructors, they are strongly driven to display those same behaviors in their own actions.
But, it doesn’t stop there – our martial art classes come with a “built-in” reward system that will encourage your child to act as they should. This “built-in” reward system is our belt-rank progression program. Children in our programs know they are expected to behave at home and at school in order to progress to their next belt rank.
This “one-two punch” of providing inspiring role models and giving your child positive feedback works amazingly well to help children improve their behavior. To date, we know of no other extracurricular activity that provides kids with such incredible incentives for displaying good behavior.
And, it works. Just visit our school and ask some of the parents who have had their children enrolled in our programs.
When you do, you’ll hear story after story of how our programs have helped their children improve their behavior and achieve greater success. Parents share these stories with us all the time, and frankly we’re quite proud to have had a small part in improving each child’s life
LAWS OF KARATE THROUGH SCIENCE
The definition of Power is
Power = Work / timeA standard cross punch, say in boxing no doubt requires more work than a Wing Chun punch. The shoulder and waist are used to propel the punch and therefor certainly feels more powerful. The problem is that power is "Work divided by time" So even though the punch feels greatly more powerful than a Wing Chun punch, a Wing Chun punch can be thrown three times in the time it takes to throw a cross punch.
Newton's Third law of motion states:
Newton's Third law of motion states:
Every action has an equal and opposite reaction.So here is where technique comes into it. Lets see how a cross punch and Wing Chun punch are treated when used on a 50kg bag.When both punches are used a resistance from the bag act against the punch in the opposite direction.
METHOD OF PRACTICING HIGHER LEVEL
Physics of martial arts kicks ·
Center of gravity (center of mass) · Kinetic energy · Potential energy · Velocity · Momentum · Rotational momentum · Inertia (Newton's First Law of Motion) · Acceleration (Newton's Second Law of Motion) ·
Muscle groups of the hip, leg, and feet.
How can you change a kick in martial arts to improve its impact?
· What is the difference between potential and kinetic energy? ·
What factors increase the potential energy of a kick? ·
What do velocity, mass, and momentum have to do with executing a strong and efficient kick? ·
What principal muscle groups are involved in front, side, and back kicks?
Which additional muscles are necessary for a turning kick? ·
Define center of gravity. Describe how it shifts when delivering each type of kick.
Materials and EquipmentTo do this experiment you will need the following materials and equipment·
Karate kick boxing bag (hanging or upright) · Workout room or open space to kick the bag · Assistant to evaluate the kicks · Notebook or paper · Pen or pencil Experimental Procedure
1. Select your favorite front, side, back, and rotational kick for your experiments.
2. Set up your kick bag, and review with your assistant the procedures of the experiments.
3. The assistant will stand to the side of the bag and note how far the bag moves or swings after each kick. They will also reposition the bag to a still, vertical position after each kick.
4. The assistant should give each kick a "power rating" based on how far the bag moves from the vertical position. For example, use a 0–5 scale such as 0 = no movement of the bag; 1 = slight wobble; 2 = slight swing (10–20 degrees) 3 = medium swing (up to 45 degrees); 4 = hard swing (45–90 degrees); 5 = bag moved > 90 degrees (or was knocked over).
5. Warm up a few minutes by practicing each of the four types of kicks you selected for your experiments. 6. Do the four experiments listed below. The first three experiments have two parts, a slow and fast version of each kick.
7. In all kicks, use your best form, and try to keep the height of your kicks and the point where you hit the bag consistent. For slow kicks, concentrate mainly on good, consistent form, and don't worry about speed. For fast kicks, kick your leg as quickly as possible, but try to maintain good form at all times.
8. For each experiment and speed, do ten kicks in a row. Alternate feet after each kick so you don't always use your "favorite" leg throughout an experiment.
9. Record in your notebook the "power ratings" of each 10 kicks as they are done in every experiment. a. Experiment 1: Front kick–Slow and Fast versions b.
Experiment 2: Side kick–Slow and Fast versions c.
Experiment 3: Back kick–Slow and Fast versions d.
Experiment 4: Rotational kick (Any kick that involves a turn before hitting the bag) Analyzing Your Data1. Total the ten "power ratings" from each type of kick. Calculate an average rating for each kick type. 2. Prepare a bar graph showing the average power rating for all kicks.
3. Rank the kicks from highest to lowest according to their average power ratings.
4. Did one type of kick stand out as most powerful, or were all the kicks fairly close in power ratings? Is this what you expected?
5. How did speed influence the power of a kick, if at all?
6. Reviewing the muscle groups in the legs and feet, describe how muscle group or size influences the outcome of a kick.
7. For help with data analysis and setting up tables, see Data Analysis & Graphs.
8. For a guide on how to summarize your results and write conclusions based on your data, see Conclusions. Variations· Does Mass Matter?
Recruit a martial arts friend who is much smaller or larger than you. Ask them to do the same experiments. Compare your results to those of your friend. Are the results what you expected? Why or why not? ·
Do the Math. Research the mathematical equations that describe the force generated during the motion of a kick on a kick bag. Describe mathematically the different levels of energy or power that can be generated from the various kicks you did in your four experiments. Show mathematical examples of how speed, mass, distance from the bag, and rotational momentum may influence the power of a kick. · The Strike Zone. Use a speed bag and repeat these experiments with three different arm strikes instead of kicks. For example, compare front strikes to back strikes, or elbow strikes to hand and forearm hits. Compare these results to results from your first set of experiments with kicks. Explain your findings in terms of mass, velocity, momentum, and inertia.
KARATE SECTIONS
understand bunkai, it is necessary to understand certain combat principles of karate. These can be broken down into countering the first contact and measures taken after that. Some of these techniques will overlap with those presented .
Section 1 There is no First Strike in Karate.
This is the second of "Master Funakoshi's 20 Principles of Karate". This is commonly taken as a moralistic statement meaning that "Those who practice karate should not act in a violent way." From a technical point of view, however, I believe this aptly characterizes an important combative principle of karate. One is able to maintain a safe position when countering an opponent's attack. Using that countering method, one is able to deliver an effective attack.
Section 2 Think of Your Hands and Feet as Swords.
The 15th of the "20 Principles of Karate", "think of your hands and feet as swords." was a continuation of Master Anko Asato philosophy. It is said by some that the model for karate is Jigen Ryu Kenjutsu. Whether this is true or not aside, it was certainly thought of as a means of self-defense. Weapons existed throughout the history of combat. Empty handed fighting is actually the exception. It was not possible to block an armed attack with one's body alone. In such an attack, it was likely that one would have carried a weapon, so Master Asato felt that it was important to practice as if one' were carrying one. In other words, in order truly protect oneself, one should practice as though "One's hands and feet are swords."
Section 3 Counter Methods.
The most common combative technique in karate is a counter. A counter is where an attack is blocked and an attack is executed. In Master Choki Motobu's teachings there is an interesting concept. He said that "the blocking hand must immediately become the attacking hand. It is not a true martial technique to block with one hand and counter with another. As one progresses, the block and counter attack will be simultaneous, and that is the true martial technique.
Section 4 Immobilize The Opponent Before Striking.
According to Sensei Kubota, Master Funakoshi often said "Immobilize your opponent before striking." What this means is to render your opponent into such a state that he cannot attack again, or even move, before executing a strike or a kick. As one progresses in their understanding of bunkai, this concept becomes clearer. Just about whenever I practiced bunkai with Sensei Kubota, I was rendered into an immobilized state.
Section 5 Kick Low While Grabbing The Opponent.
There is a saying that goes "Kicks are meant to be delivered below the belt." Also, if we take a look at most of the bunkai for katas, they are executed while grabbing the opponent. In that manner, one can avoid the unstable situation of "standing on one leg". Moreover, by grabbing one's opponent and knocking them off balance, the opponent will not be able to execute a counter attack. In close fighting where one can grab an opponent, the field of vision is limited, so it is difficult to defend against a low kick. In the Book Kempo Karate, written in the late 1920's, most of the kicks it showed were described as groin kicks. Also in the kumite matches that used protective gear at the University of Tokyo's karate club, point were awarded for front kicks, which hit the groin, cover.
Section 6 The Development of Power.
Techniques essential to the development of power are also hidden in katas. For beginners it is sufficient to grab an opponent and punch while pulling them in to you. But how is one to develop the power required to execute a "killing blow", which is the catch phrase of karate? The answer is in proper posture and movement. A hint is hidden in Heian Shodan's first movement, down block, straight punch. The method of moving in karate is walking, not a connected gait. For purposes of practice, the simpler the better, so the Heian katas and Taikyoku katas were designed for that purpose.
Section 7 Throws and Reverse Techniques.
The common perception is that karate consists of kicks and punches, and Mr. Jisaburo Miki, in his book Karate Kempo Gaisetsu, defined karate as having no throws or reverse techniques. If one carefully examines kata bunkai, though, they will find that there are many throws, reverse techniques, and countermeasures against weapons.
Section 8 Parts of the Body That are Used.
In karate, many various parts of the body are used for attacks. Techniques such as nakadaka ippon ken, nukite, shuto, kentsui, and hiraken can be used effectively. There is a possibility, though, that they will be forgotten along with the bunkai for katas. Also grabs will be forgotten unless they are practiced.
Section 9 Weapons
Karate is basically an empty handed martial art, but if an opponent attacks with a weapon, it is not necessary to defend oneself empty handed. In karate there is a saying that goes, "weapon for a weapon". It sounds like "an eye for an eye".
No one goes into war without their weapons. Taking weapons into war is a fundamental principle of combat. In times of peace though, we can't carry weapons.
In Okinawa, the governmental ban on weapons, created the environment where the practice of weapons developed secretly. An added value of practicing weapons is the weight of the weapons themselves, which aides in the training of the body.
When karate was introduced to the mainland, the use of hands was emphasized, so the practice of weapons was not common, but it is a good idea to practice Okinawan weapons and karate together.
Section 1 There is no First Strike in Karate.
This is the second of "Master Funakoshi's 20 Principles of Karate". This is commonly taken as a moralistic statement meaning that "Those who practice karate should not act in a violent way." From a technical point of view, however, I believe this aptly characterizes an important combative principle of karate. One is able to maintain a safe position when countering an opponent's attack. Using that countering method, one is able to deliver an effective attack.
Section 2 Think of Your Hands and Feet as Swords.
The 15th of the "20 Principles of Karate", "think of your hands and feet as swords." was a continuation of Master Anko Asato philosophy. It is said by some that the model for karate is Jigen Ryu Kenjutsu. Whether this is true or not aside, it was certainly thought of as a means of self-defense. Weapons existed throughout the history of combat. Empty handed fighting is actually the exception. It was not possible to block an armed attack with one's body alone. In such an attack, it was likely that one would have carried a weapon, so Master Asato felt that it was important to practice as if one' were carrying one. In other words, in order truly protect oneself, one should practice as though "One's hands and feet are swords."
Section 3 Counter Methods.
The most common combative technique in karate is a counter. A counter is where an attack is blocked and an attack is executed. In Master Choki Motobu's teachings there is an interesting concept. He said that "the blocking hand must immediately become the attacking hand. It is not a true martial technique to block with one hand and counter with another. As one progresses, the block and counter attack will be simultaneous, and that is the true martial technique.
Section 4 Immobilize The Opponent Before Striking.
According to Sensei Kubota, Master Funakoshi often said "Immobilize your opponent before striking." What this means is to render your opponent into such a state that he cannot attack again, or even move, before executing a strike or a kick. As one progresses in their understanding of bunkai, this concept becomes clearer. Just about whenever I practiced bunkai with Sensei Kubota, I was rendered into an immobilized state.
Section 5 Kick Low While Grabbing The Opponent.
There is a saying that goes "Kicks are meant to be delivered below the belt." Also, if we take a look at most of the bunkai for katas, they are executed while grabbing the opponent. In that manner, one can avoid the unstable situation of "standing on one leg". Moreover, by grabbing one's opponent and knocking them off balance, the opponent will not be able to execute a counter attack. In close fighting where one can grab an opponent, the field of vision is limited, so it is difficult to defend against a low kick. In the Book Kempo Karate, written in the late 1920's, most of the kicks it showed were described as groin kicks. Also in the kumite matches that used protective gear at the University of Tokyo's karate club, point were awarded for front kicks, which hit the groin, cover.
Section 6 The Development of Power.
Techniques essential to the development of power are also hidden in katas. For beginners it is sufficient to grab an opponent and punch while pulling them in to you. But how is one to develop the power required to execute a "killing blow", which is the catch phrase of karate? The answer is in proper posture and movement. A hint is hidden in Heian Shodan's first movement, down block, straight punch. The method of moving in karate is walking, not a connected gait. For purposes of practice, the simpler the better, so the Heian katas and Taikyoku katas were designed for that purpose.
Section 7 Throws and Reverse Techniques.
The common perception is that karate consists of kicks and punches, and Mr. Jisaburo Miki, in his book Karate Kempo Gaisetsu, defined karate as having no throws or reverse techniques. If one carefully examines kata bunkai, though, they will find that there are many throws, reverse techniques, and countermeasures against weapons.
Section 8 Parts of the Body That are Used.
In karate, many various parts of the body are used for attacks. Techniques such as nakadaka ippon ken, nukite, shuto, kentsui, and hiraken can be used effectively. There is a possibility, though, that they will be forgotten along with the bunkai for katas. Also grabs will be forgotten unless they are practiced.
Section 9 Weapons
Karate is basically an empty handed martial art, but if an opponent attacks with a weapon, it is not necessary to defend oneself empty handed. In karate there is a saying that goes, "weapon for a weapon". It sounds like "an eye for an eye".
No one goes into war without their weapons. Taking weapons into war is a fundamental principle of combat. In times of peace though, we can't carry weapons.
In Okinawa, the governmental ban on weapons, created the environment where the practice of weapons developed secretly. An added value of practicing weapons is the weight of the weapons themselves, which aides in the training of the body.
When karate was introduced to the mainland, the use of hands was emphasized, so the practice of weapons was not common, but it is a good idea to practice Okinawan weapons and karate together.
KARATE BELT COLOUR HISTORY AND MEANINGS
Japanese Judo was the first martial art to introduce the colored belt ranking system as a visible indication of the students’ progress. The colored belt ranking system soon was adapted for Karate, and was first used by Sensei Gichin Funakoshi and his Shotokan Karate schools. Click here to learn about the Goju-Ryu Karate belt ranking system. As students pass through the ranks taking grading examinations they are awarded with different colored belts. The color order and which colors are used varies from school to school, as does the relationship between belt color and rank (= Kyu). However the Kyu or number/rank always starts at 10 and ends at 1. Black belts ranks then increase normally, from 1st Dan to 10th Dan. In most Karate schools beginners are automatically considered a 10th Kyu (wearing a white belt). Some schools are known to grade beginners for their 10th Kyu, which may have its reason in being able to collect an extra grading fee. In fact, I remember when I had my first grading for 10th Kyu. I had to demonstrate that I could punch and yell (the famous Ki-Ai!) at the same time. That was in Germany. As a reward, I could continue to wear my white belt, BUT I received a pretty grading book and a stamp. Very efficient and organized,Today most Karate students buy a new belt after they have been awarded a higher kyu and thus require a differently colored belt. Most people have no more use for their old belts and may give it to junior club members for free. It is definitely worth enquiring. Colored belts and how they came to beIn the old days the white belt was simply dyed to a new color. This repeated dying process dictates the type of belt color and the order of the colors!. The standard belt color system is white, yellow, green, brown, and black. In some Karate school and styles, the color order is white, yellow, orange, green, blue, brown, black. Due to the dying process, it is practical to increasingly use darker colors. All of this came about shortly after the second world war, when Japan was a very poor country, and dying the belts to a new color was a cheap way to have a visible, simple and effective ranking system. The dying of the belts became part of the Karate tradition and was also adapted in other countries. In Australia, Sensei Terry Lyon of Lyon-Karate.com reports that in the early 70s, Australian Karate students also dyed their belts to their new color. The “White-Belt-Getting-Dirtier” TheoryAnother explanation for the colored belts, that appears more like a Karate myth than reality, is the notion that the belts simply went from white to black because the original Karate founders never washed their belts. The
y started off with white belts and after years of training ended up with black belts. The proponents of this theory assert that the belt, which was initially white, gets gradually dirtier and dirtier and so goes from white to yellow to green to brown to black in that way. Many people argue that this theory is cute but has little truth. The dirtiest belt will never go black, and although the color change from white to yellow to brown can easily be imagined, other colors like green would be harder to achieve, unless the belt is host to a culture of particularly nasty and colorful bacteria, not unlike those that live in the back of my fridge. Repeated sweat and dirt from the typically wooden floors can indeed make the whole Gi become yellow and eventually brown. However, it is pretty tough to actually get a significant amount of sweat into the belt, which is more evidence against the “White-Belt-Getting-Dirtier” theory. There is also real evidence FOR this theory. Many Karate dojos in Japan have a change room where students are able to leave their Gi ready for when they return to train again. As a consequence they don’t get washed and end up very dirty and smelly with sometimes years of not being washed. These Gi go through the same color change as the colored belts. This practice might have been born from either laziness, cost-cutting, and perhaps also a bit of male machoism. After all, an old and dirty Gi must mean that its owner has used it a lot, and thus must be highly skilled. In that sense, the yellow/brown Gi functions exactly like a colored belt! the colored belt system was created with the color change of dirty Gi in mind. But maybe the colored belt system was just well thought-out and used because dying the belts was a simple, cheap and effective way of displaying rank.
y started off with white belts and after years of training ended up with black belts. The proponents of this theory assert that the belt, which was initially white, gets gradually dirtier and dirtier and so goes from white to yellow to green to brown to black in that way. Many people argue that this theory is cute but has little truth. The dirtiest belt will never go black, and although the color change from white to yellow to brown can easily be imagined, other colors like green would be harder to achieve, unless the belt is host to a culture of particularly nasty and colorful bacteria, not unlike those that live in the back of my fridge. Repeated sweat and dirt from the typically wooden floors can indeed make the whole Gi become yellow and eventually brown. However, it is pretty tough to actually get a significant amount of sweat into the belt, which is more evidence against the “White-Belt-Getting-Dirtier” theory. There is also real evidence FOR this theory. Many Karate dojos in Japan have a change room where students are able to leave their Gi ready for when they return to train again. As a consequence they don’t get washed and end up very dirty and smelly with sometimes years of not being washed. These Gi go through the same color change as the colored belts. This practice might have been born from either laziness, cost-cutting, and perhaps also a bit of male machoism. After all, an old and dirty Gi must mean that its owner has used it a lot, and thus must be highly skilled. In that sense, the yellow/brown Gi functions exactly like a colored belt! the colored belt system was created with the color change of dirty Gi in mind. But maybe the colored belt system was just well thought-out and used because dying the belts was a simple, cheap and effective way of displaying rank.Belt Meanings
In Songahm Taekwondo, our belts reflect a student’s proven level of competence and (just asimportantly) the progression of colors reflects an inner journey that never truly ends. Each beltachieved is truly an accomplishment worthy of respect.
White Belt
"Pure and without the knowledge of Songahm . Aswith the Pine Tree, the seed must now be planted and nourished todevelop strong roots."The student has no knowledge of Songahm the begins with a clean (pure) slate. Purity is oftensignified by the color white.
Orange Belt
"The sun is beginning to rise. As with the morning's dawn,only the beauty of the sunrise is seen rather than the immense power."The beginner student sees the beauty of the art but has not yet experienced the power ofthe technique. Orange is found among the many colors of the sunrise.
Yellow Belt
"The seed is beginning to see the sunlight."The student begins to understand the basics of karate. The sun appears to be yellow.Camouflage (Camo) Belt: "The sapling is hidden amongst the taller pinesand must now fight its way upward."The student begins to realize his/her place in the world's largest martial art. The student must now begin tospar in order to promote in rank. Camouflage (greens) is used to hide among the trees in the forest.
Green Belt
"The pine tree is beginning to develop and grow in strength."The student's technique is developing power. The components of the basic techniques arebeginning to work in unison. As the pine tree develops, it sprouts green pine needles.
Purple Belt
"Coming to the mountain. The tree is in the mid-growth andnow the path becomes steep."The student has crossed over over into a higher level of Songahm . The techniques, poom-sae(forms), and level of gyeo-roo-gi (sparring) becomes more difficult, creating a "mountain" that must beovercome. Mountains are often depicted as being purple.
Blue Belt
"The tree reaches for the sky toward new heights."Having passed the mid-way point, the student focuses his/her energy upward toward black belt. The skyappears as blue.
Brown Belt
"The tree is firmly rooted in the earth."At this point the student has mastered the basics and developed deep roots in karate. Brown is knownas an earthy color, such as dirt.
Red Belt
"The sun is setting. The first phase of growth has beenaccomplished."The first day (the period of time from white belt to red belt) of growth is coming to an end. The physical skillhas been developed but lacks control; therefore, physical and mental discipline must now be achieved.Variations of red are found among the many colors of the sunset.
Red/Black Belt
"The dawn of a new day. The sun breaks through thedarkness."The previous day has ended, giving way to a new dawn. The student must begin a new phase of training;that of being a black belt. The red is the sun (in a sunrise) as it breaks through the black of night.
1st Degree Black Belt
"The tree has reached maturity and has overcomethe darkness...
it must now 'plant seeds for the future.'"The color black is created when all the colors of the light spectrum have been absorbed into an object.That object has "taken control" of the colors and retained them. If one color was to "escape", the objectwould no longer be black but would appear as that color. The student has mastered the nine geup(grades) of karate. He/she has "absorbed" all the knowledge of the color ranks and overcome or"mastered" that level or training. The colors of the spectrum are bound together and are not reflected offan object, resulting in the absence of color which we call black.
2nd Degree Black Belt
“With your noble character, you will develop anew permanence in your life.”
3rd Degree Black Belt
“Peace of mind and tranquility.”
HISTORY OF KARATE BELT COLOUR
History
Coloured belts are a Western invention designed to denote progress and achievement. Back in Japan and China, there was no coloured belt system. A belt served a number of purposes - it kept your jacket closed so that it didn't get in the way, and it in the process, the jacket kept you warmer.
Modern martial arts has derived from Shaolin monks who lived in temples in ancient China. They developed a martial tradition that was at first voluntarily, then later compulsorily used in the service of the Emperor. The monks practised Buddhism and they lived a simple lifestyle, and had no need to impress people with their martial arts experience, so it's likely that they all wore simple saffron-coloured robes, and belts of the same colour.
At some time, martial arts instructors developed the habit of never washing their belts, and thus the longer one had been training, the dirtier the belt became, resulting in a black belt becoming a symbol of great experience or a very dirty lifestyle.
In any case, the belt has gained spiritual significance to many martial artists who say that the soul of their training and martial arts is in their belt, which has accompanied them throughout. Such martial artists continue to recommend that one should never wash one's belt, and whilst I respect their right to make this decision, it's nothing more than an affectation based on a tradition that had practical significance when it originated.
Given that we have dispensed with the original meaning of a black belt by introducing coloured grades,
Sometime after the martial arts moved to the West, instructors adapted the idea of the belt, to use it to denote experience. Modern Westerners felt the need for more achievable goals than mere experience, and they also wanted to denote smaller increments in progress.
In the West, there were originally two belt colours - White - a novice, and black - one who had finished his "apprenticeship". Then developed the habit of dying the belt to show progress. Initially, the same belt was simply dyed progressively darker colours: for instance:- white, yellow, green, blue, brown, black. Other colours include purple and red, although the grade of these belts varies from style to style.
Nowadays, nobody can be bothered to get the dye out each time you grade. You just buy a new belt from your sensei, so the colour progression is less important, and is no longer influenced by what colour can be modified into what colour - hence the fact that many styles now include striped belts.
BENIFITS OF KARATE
YOU CAN FEEL
· You wonder what you would do if you were ever attacked –
· You think about how much you want to lose weight and get in shape –
· You wish you had something in your life that you did –
You should know, a properly instructed martial arts program will help you get in shape, lose weight and relieve stress - all while learning valuable self-defense skills so you can be secure in your ability to protect yourself and your loved ones.If you ever considered taking martial arts classes, then you must read on to find out how our martial arts programs will help you achieve your goals. As you continue reading, you’ll learn what other people just like you have already discovered – how our properly instructed martial arts programs help everyday people lead safer, healthier, happier lives
Martial Arts Training Has The Power To Change Your Life
Through the power of martial arts training, you will learn how to overcome your fears, smash through the barriers that are holding you back, and take charge of your life
Finally, you have an opportunity to become…•
· You wonder what you would do if you were ever attacked –
· You think about how much you want to lose weight and get in shape –
· You wish you had something in your life that you did –
You should know, a properly instructed martial arts program will help you get in shape, lose weight and relieve stress - all while learning valuable self-defense skills so you can be secure in your ability to protect yourself and your loved ones.If you ever considered taking martial arts classes, then you must read on to find out how our martial arts programs will help you achieve your goals. As you continue reading, you’ll learn what other people just like you have already discovered – how our properly instructed martial arts programs help everyday people lead safer, healthier, happier lives
Martial Arts Training Has The Power To Change Your Life
Through the power of martial arts training, you will learn how to overcome your fears, smash through the barriers that are holding you back, and take charge of your life
Finally, you have an opportunity to become…•
Fit•
Lean•
Fearless•
Confident•
Stress-free
Learn How to Defend Yourself – And Never Be Afraid Again
Learn How to Defend Yourself – And Never Be Afraid Again
It’s no secret that when people want to learn self-defense skills, they turn to the martial arts. And for good reason – the martial arts were created as a way for the average person to protect themselves and their loved ones against attack.But here’s something you may not know – some of the world’s most elite military and police units practice martial arts for self-protection. The U.S. Army Rangers do jiu-jitsu; Navy Seals learn everything from kickboxing to Filipino weapons; the Korean ROK Marines practice tae kwon do and hap ki do; the Tokyo riot police train in aikido and karate; the Israeli defense forces train in krav maga, and the Chinese military does kung fu.Of course, our programs aren’t nearly as tough and rugged as the training that these elite units go through . But in our martial arts programs, you’ll still be learning the same techniques they do.Now, if martial arts training is good enough for police and soldiers who have to put their lives on the line every day – just think about what it will do for the safety and well-being of you and your family
The Tremendous Health Benefits of the Martial Arts
And, recent studies have proven martial arts training to be an incredibly effective workout. In one recent study, health researchers from the New York Institute of Technology discovered that martial arts practitioners are much more fit than the average person.Their findings showed:
· Martial arts practitioners in the study had an average of 12% less body fat, which shows that martial arts classes are a great way to burn fat and lose weight…
· The martial artists in the study had more leg strength, flexibility, aerobic conditioning, and balance – proof that martial arts training provides excellent overall fitness benefits…
· The martial artists in the study could do nearly twice as many sit-ups as non-martial artists,
SECRET VITAL POINTS IN HUMAN BODY
Vital points
There are some important vital points in human body. Karate katas are made by keeping this as center point. Each an every karate students should know about these. I have given some basic vital points below. Precautions
1. Base of skull: If there is trauma to the head, head ache disorentation or unconsciousness will occur. Sometimes, during head trauma brain shake or fracture spine will occur.
2. Ear: If there is injury to the ear, pain and disorentation will occur. Also internal injury and loss of balance will occur.
3. Eyes : Eye sight will affecter ot it will cause blindness.
4. Temporal: It is very important point. If there is injury to the temporal, disorentation and unconsciousness will occur.
5. Side of nose: If there is injury to side of nose, bleeding will occur or fracture nasal bone.
6.Under the ear: If there is injury to under the ear, It will cause severe pain.
7. Under the nose: If there is injury to under the nose, pain and distration will occur or fractures.
8. Jaw: It will lead to Fracture jaw.
9. Clavicle: It will lead to fracture clavicle.
10. Throat: If there is heavy injury to the trachea, death will happen.
2. Ear: If there is injury to the ear, pain and disorentation will occur. Also internal injury and loss of balance will occur.
3. Eyes : Eye sight will affecter ot it will cause blindness.
4. Temporal: It is very important point. If there is injury to the temporal, disorentation and unconsciousness will occur.
5. Side of nose: If there is injury to side of nose, bleeding will occur or fracture nasal bone.
6.Under the ear: If there is injury to under the ear, It will cause severe pain.
7. Under the nose: If there is injury to under the nose, pain and distration will occur or fractures.
8. Jaw: It will lead to Fracture jaw.
9. Clavicle: It will lead to fracture clavicle.
10. Throat: If there is heavy injury to the trachea, death will happen.
11. Solar plexus: If there is injury to the solar plexus, internal organs damage and unconsciousness will occur or it will cause death.
12. Wrist: It will cause fracture or untolerable pain.
13. Elbow joint: Heavy injury will occur.
14. Groin: If there is injury to the groin, Reproductive organs will damage or it will cause unconsciousness or death.
15. Inner thigh: It will cause muscular gramping and numbness.
16. Knee: Fracture or dislocated bone will happen.
17. Side of ribs: If there is injury in between 5th and 6th ribs bone, loss of lung function will occur or breathlessness.
18. Kidney: It will cause internal injury or death.
19. Back of the neck(Fourth cervical vertibra): It will cause paralysis or fracture. Sometimes, death will happen.
20. Back of the knee: It will cause bend the knee or dislocated bone.
IMPORTANT NOTE
Severe complecations may also occur more than the above set.
So, You have to be careful about these points.
COMPETITION AREA
Karate competition Area
Karate kumite competition is taken by Referee, Judges, Arbitrator, Scorer and Time keeper. The Referee has the main role in the competition. He will give points in gestures and japanease language. I have given some important gestures with explanations to show the karatekas. The place in which kumite competition take place is Bout. Bout is in 8 Square meters. The safety area 2 meter, is also made around the bout. Kumite participants are divided into two groups namely Aka and Shiro. Thease groups will be in 1.5 meter away from the Bout center point. Referee will stand 2 meter away from center point. Red belt will be given to Aka and White belt will be given to Shiro. Aka will be in right side to the referee and Shiro will be in left side.
WHAT IS KATA AND ITS PREFECTION TECHINIC
What is Kata
The martial art of karate developed on the island of Okinawa under the influence of Chinese kempo; under the historical backdrop of the domination of the Satsuma feudal lords. It is believed to have developed in a unique way. The major characteristic is that it was transmitted orally, using no written training manuals. An exception to this is the "Bubishi" of the Naha style, but that is really believed to be the transmission of the White Crane kata of Chinese Kempo.
A major difference between Okinawan karate and karate practiced on the mainland is that because it was prohibited by law, Okinawan karate was practiced in secret, and passed down orally. On the mainland, while there were some schools, which adhered to the principle of "Mongai fushutsu", or keeping the knowledge within the school, for the most part, many styles were given names and transmitted openly.
Characteristics of martial arts of the mainland are:
1.Since katas are practiced with two people, the roles of defense and offense are clearly defined so the use of the techniques is easy to understand.
2.There are instructional manuals. (Techniques are clear)
3.There is a system for advancement in rank.
4.The styles have names. (The lineage of instructors is clear.)
5.For the most part they have been handed down by masters who were part of the samurai class.
Okinawan karate, on the other hand, differs from other martial arts in that it was not taught in dojos, it did not give names to its styles, and it was taught in secret. The following are its characteristics:
1.It was passed down through katas performed individually.
2.There were no written texts.
3.The method of advancement was unclear.
4.There were no styles.
5.For the most part it was practiced by the samurai class, but because it was practiced in secret, there was no system, which clearly defined one person as the founder of the school.
In the end, the only thing we are left with in Okinawan karate is the katas. Thus, in order to know the meaning of karate, it is necessary to know the meaning of the katas, which have been passed down. In other words, we must clarify the katas, which have been left for us in order to know what the true nature of the original karate was.
Until now, most of the study of kata has been concerned with such literary issues as to which Chinese character to use or superficial things such as how each movement differs from style to style. There has been no written discussion, however, of the technical meaning of the actual techniques involved. I believe that it has not been possible due to various factors, such as problems within the different styles, or organizations, or between teachers and students.
The primary purpose of kata was to provide a record of offensive and defensive techniques. Of course the person who created a kata knew the meaning of its movements. There was a possibility, though, that future generations would not know the meaning of the movements by just looking at them, so there was a need to orally pass down the meanings of the techniques, so they could be could be recreated. As I stated earlier, if one understands the bunkai, or meaning of a kata, the external differences need not be such a problem.
The following guidelines are offered to help you approach your katas in this way
1, Practise and continually improve your performance of the katas.
2, Gain an understanding of the applications. All applications should be practised with real fighting in mind and not as choreographed karateka Vs karateka battles.
3, Practise the applications with a partner, who will become less and less co-operative as your skill increases.
4, Look behind the techniques for the principles, e.g. arm bars – forcing the opponent’s joint outside its range of motion using your own body in a way that creates maximum leverage.
5, Experiment by applying those same principles in differing situations, e.g. with the opponent in a different position, on the floor, on partners with differing physical builds etc. Be sure to look at how other martial arts apply the same principles and adopt those methods into your training if appropriate.
6, Spar using techniques that follow those principles in order to enhance understanding and skill in application
The martial art of karate developed on the island of Okinawa under the influence of Chinese kempo; under the historical backdrop of the domination of the Satsuma feudal lords. It is believed to have developed in a unique way. The major characteristic is that it was transmitted orally, using no written training manuals. An exception to this is the "Bubishi" of the Naha style, but that is really believed to be the transmission of the White Crane kata of Chinese Kempo.
A major difference between Okinawan karate and karate practiced on the mainland is that because it was prohibited by law, Okinawan karate was practiced in secret, and passed down orally. On the mainland, while there were some schools, which adhered to the principle of "Mongai fushutsu", or keeping the knowledge within the school, for the most part, many styles were given names and transmitted openly.
Characteristics of martial arts of the mainland are:
1.Since katas are practiced with two people, the roles of defense and offense are clearly defined so the use of the techniques is easy to understand.
2.There are instructional manuals. (Techniques are clear)
3.There is a system for advancement in rank.
4.The styles have names. (The lineage of instructors is clear.)
5.For the most part they have been handed down by masters who were part of the samurai class.
Okinawan karate, on the other hand, differs from other martial arts in that it was not taught in dojos, it did not give names to its styles, and it was taught in secret. The following are its characteristics:
1.It was passed down through katas performed individually.
2.There were no written texts.
3.The method of advancement was unclear.
4.There were no styles.
5.For the most part it was practiced by the samurai class, but because it was practiced in secret, there was no system, which clearly defined one person as the founder of the school.
In the end, the only thing we are left with in Okinawan karate is the katas. Thus, in order to know the meaning of karate, it is necessary to know the meaning of the katas, which have been passed down. In other words, we must clarify the katas, which have been left for us in order to know what the true nature of the original karate was.
Until now, most of the study of kata has been concerned with such literary issues as to which Chinese character to use or superficial things such as how each movement differs from style to style. There has been no written discussion, however, of the technical meaning of the actual techniques involved. I believe that it has not been possible due to various factors, such as problems within the different styles, or organizations, or between teachers and students.
The primary purpose of kata was to provide a record of offensive and defensive techniques. Of course the person who created a kata knew the meaning of its movements. There was a possibility, though, that future generations would not know the meaning of the movements by just looking at them, so there was a need to orally pass down the meanings of the techniques, so they could be could be recreated. As I stated earlier, if one understands the bunkai, or meaning of a kata, the external differences need not be such a problem.
The following guidelines are offered to help you approach your katas in this way
1, Practise and continually improve your performance of the katas.
2, Gain an understanding of the applications. All applications should be practised with real fighting in mind and not as choreographed karateka Vs karateka battles.
3, Practise the applications with a partner, who will become less and less co-operative as your skill increases.
4, Look behind the techniques for the principles, e.g. arm bars – forcing the opponent’s joint outside its range of motion using your own body in a way that creates maximum leverage.
5, Experiment by applying those same principles in differing situations, e.g. with the opponent in a different position, on the floor, on partners with differing physical builds etc. Be sure to look at how other martial arts apply the same principles and adopt those methods into your training if appropriate.
6, Spar using techniques that follow those principles in order to enhance understanding and skill in application
KARATE TRAINING TIPS
Make The Most Out Of Each And Every Karate Training Session
Karate Flying KickIf you’re reading this article then you have probably already begun your study of the martial arts and in all likelihood have progressed through the first few belts. You now understand what karate is about and you are fully familiar with your weekly training schedule. The question that you may still have though is “How do I make the most out of each and every training session?” The following are some suggestions to help you answer this question.There are several things that you can do to maximize your overall training experience, all of them are easy to implement, and will help you take your karate to the next level. these tips in a simple cheat sheet that you can post on your bulletin board and look at before each training session.So here they are:
1. Go to class regularly - When it’s time for your next class, get up out of your chair and go straight to class. Do not pass go, GO TO CLASS! Half the battle of karate is getting to class. Don’t lose this battle, or you are doomed to failure from the start.
2. Always give your best - Don’t ever accept anything less than your best effort. You are more than likely paying good money to attend your karate classes. Don’t waste your money, and especially don’t waste your time by being half-committed in your training.
3. Ask questions if you don’t understand something - You are the customer, you are paying your instructor to provide you with quality karate. Don’t be afraid to ask questions if you don’t understand something. Any good instructor should be more than happy to answer your question, no matter how insignificant they may seem to others.
4. Set specific goals for your training and an appropriate timeframe in which to achieve them - Put this list of goals on your bulletin board and look at them every day or at least before every training session.
5. Write a diary of what you did in each class -, I know this is a tough one, and yes I promised to keep it simple, but quite honestly if you do only this one thing I can personally guarantee that your karate will improve dramatically. There is nothing more valuable than keeping a written record of what you did each lesson to keep you on target and help you understand what you learned and where you need to improve.
6. Use your diary notes for your benefit - Oops there I go again, more work for you but hopefully you’re listening by now. A diary is not much use unless you re-read what you wrote and then find out the answers to any questions you had from each lesson. Remember tip , ask questions after the lesson too, or even before the next lesson.
7. Find a great training partner - There is nothing worse than going to class and then having to pair up with someone who doesn’t want to be there. Avoid these people like the plague! Find a good partner who shares your same goals and values and make sure you both know that you will work together at every opportunity.
8. Attempt to understand the overall theme of each class - Most good instructors have an overall theme or objective that is carefully woven into each class. Through the content of each lesson many greater insights can be gained by understanding how each content item relates to the overall lesson, and by understanding the general context of each class. This integration of big picture concepts helps to take your karate training to the next level.So hopefully this quick cheat sheet will help you to glean some extra benefit and insights from each lesson and if nothing else it should serve to better focus your efforts on effective training strategies.
Karate Flying KickIf you’re reading this article then you have probably already begun your study of the martial arts and in all likelihood have progressed through the first few belts. You now understand what karate is about and you are fully familiar with your weekly training schedule. The question that you may still have though is “How do I make the most out of each and every training session?” The following are some suggestions to help you answer this question.There are several things that you can do to maximize your overall training experience, all of them are easy to implement, and will help you take your karate to the next level. these tips in a simple cheat sheet that you can post on your bulletin board and look at before each training session.So here they are:
1. Go to class regularly - When it’s time for your next class, get up out of your chair and go straight to class. Do not pass go, GO TO CLASS! Half the battle of karate is getting to class. Don’t lose this battle, or you are doomed to failure from the start.
2. Always give your best - Don’t ever accept anything less than your best effort. You are more than likely paying good money to attend your karate classes. Don’t waste your money, and especially don’t waste your time by being half-committed in your training.
3. Ask questions if you don’t understand something - You are the customer, you are paying your instructor to provide you with quality karate. Don’t be afraid to ask questions if you don’t understand something. Any good instructor should be more than happy to answer your question, no matter how insignificant they may seem to others.
4. Set specific goals for your training and an appropriate timeframe in which to achieve them - Put this list of goals on your bulletin board and look at them every day or at least before every training session.
5. Write a diary of what you did in each class -, I know this is a tough one, and yes I promised to keep it simple, but quite honestly if you do only this one thing I can personally guarantee that your karate will improve dramatically. There is nothing more valuable than keeping a written record of what you did each lesson to keep you on target and help you understand what you learned and where you need to improve.
6. Use your diary notes for your benefit - Oops there I go again, more work for you but hopefully you’re listening by now. A diary is not much use unless you re-read what you wrote and then find out the answers to any questions you had from each lesson. Remember tip , ask questions after the lesson too, or even before the next lesson.
7. Find a great training partner - There is nothing worse than going to class and then having to pair up with someone who doesn’t want to be there. Avoid these people like the plague! Find a good partner who shares your same goals and values and make sure you both know that you will work together at every opportunity.
8. Attempt to understand the overall theme of each class - Most good instructors have an overall theme or objective that is carefully woven into each class. Through the content of each lesson many greater insights can be gained by understanding how each content item relates to the overall lesson, and by understanding the general context of each class. This integration of big picture concepts helps to take your karate training to the next level.So hopefully this quick cheat sheet will help you to glean some extra benefit and insights from each lesson and if nothing else it should serve to better focus your efforts on effective training strategies.
KARATE FACTS AND ETHICS
Facts about Karate
Contrary to popular opinion, the martial art Karate was not invented in China. Rather, it has its origins in the island of Okinawa in Japan. The word “Karate” means the “empty hand” or the “Chinese hand”, and it has been given this name because it involves a rapid use of hands and legs in an extreme close combat.It was sometime in the sixteenth century that Chinese Kung Fu fighters experimented around with their styles and formulated the “te” technique . The art grew in China and evolved from a very rough and simple fighting style into a hard, close-combat style.Around the late nineteenth century, Gichin Funakoshi, a famous martial arts practitioner from Japan, blended new moves into the “Te” style and displayed his art to the Japanese martial arts masters in early twentieth century. This was the beginning of Karate, as we know it.Karate kicked off with the original Okinawa style; later on, the Japanese patented their own styles, which are now appropriately called Japanese styles of Karate. With time, many karate schools all cross the world began naming their Karate after their school’s or master’s name, giving birth to many sub-styles.The original style - known as the Okinawa style - is a very hard and external style. It employs circular means of defense while its attack is linear in nature. The physical condition is extremely rigorous, as compared to the Japanese style of Karate. The Japanese style of Karate is more stylistic and its movements are linear in both defense and offense.
Some of the important Karate sub-styles are:
(i) Wado-Ryu style, which combines JiuJitsu movements with Okinawa karate techniques, and
(ii) Uechi-Ryu style, which blends Okinawa Karate with Chinese martial arts tactics. The Uechi-Ryu style appears more Chinese than Japanese though it is a blend of both the cultures.As you know, Karate is a fast-paced martial art that involves electric movements of the hands and legs. So, you need to ensure that you are attired in a comfortable Karate uniform.As Karate involves close combat and can be lethal, you will also need to protect your head and groin by strapping on a head guard and groin protector, respectively. Arm, chest and leg guards are available too, and so are karate mitts and shin protectors. And, of course, mouth guards can be considered too, just in case.To train for Karate, you will need jump ropes, breakable boards, a Karate training board and a Karate training system. To perform Karate exercises, you will need leg and body stretchers, mats, water training bags, punching bags and pull-up and push-up bars.And, finally, before you go out there to practice Karate, do not forget to plug in a first aid kit in your bag.Karate not only keeps your body fit, it also strengthens your mind and enhances your concentration. Only thing, you must learn to respect it and practice it seriously as an art.
The Five Core Ethics Of Karate
Martial Arts is more than strikingMany martial arts schools around the world promote a philosophy of self-improvement as well as an expected standard of technical skill. When you think about it, it is the philosophy rather than the technical skill that should influence every practitioner’s daily life.The martial arts philosophy, or at least the traditional karate philosophy, is called the Dojo-Kun. The Dojo-Kun is simply a five point ethical guide for training in the martial arts and for behavior in your everyday life and is sometimes called the “Student Creed” in English. The traditional karate ethics are often translated as:· To strive for the perfection of character· To follow the paths of truth· To foster a spirit of effort· To honor the principles of etiquette· To guard against impetuous courageIn many traditional karate schools these precepts are chanted at the beginning and end of each lesson in Japanese, and in other schools in English. In some schools there is no chanting at all, just a posting of the principles on the dojo wall and other schools invent their own “Student Creed.”I’m not here to tell you which way is right or wrong, but what you should do when choosing a martial arts school is ask yourself whether the core values of that school resonate with your view of life and your moral ethics. After all you are exposing yourself and your family to a very emotive venture by beginning your karate journey. A conflict of moral values is likely to “Dim Mak” (deliver a Death Touch to) your involvement in the martial arts from the very beginning.The Dojo-Kun’s precepts can offer a very simple template for following a virtuous path and for reaching your potential in everything you do and for being a good citizen. It’s up to you to decide how this philosophy fits in with your own ideals and ethics.Most people find these five core ethics to be something that they can relate to on an intimate basis; some people don’t place much value on the philosophy of the martial arts and are in your karate class alongside you for very different reasons such as self-defense or basic health and fitness.The phrase “each unto his own” is definitely applicable here. As with so many things in life, we have to find our own way given our own set of criteria and backgrounds.Essentially there are many other paths to self-realization and understanding of the greater world around you. The martial arts simply offer a valuable template for beginning to understand yourself and others through understanding movement, power, speed, timing, energy, tension, relaxation and harmony. It is a beginning in what can be a long and extremely rewarding journey.
Contrary to popular opinion, the martial art Karate was not invented in China. Rather, it has its origins in the island of Okinawa in Japan. The word “Karate” means the “empty hand” or the “Chinese hand”, and it has been given this name because it involves a rapid use of hands and legs in an extreme close combat.It was sometime in the sixteenth century that Chinese Kung Fu fighters experimented around with their styles and formulated the “te” technique . The art grew in China and evolved from a very rough and simple fighting style into a hard, close-combat style.Around the late nineteenth century, Gichin Funakoshi, a famous martial arts practitioner from Japan, blended new moves into the “Te” style and displayed his art to the Japanese martial arts masters in early twentieth century. This was the beginning of Karate, as we know it.Karate kicked off with the original Okinawa style; later on, the Japanese patented their own styles, which are now appropriately called Japanese styles of Karate. With time, many karate schools all cross the world began naming their Karate after their school’s or master’s name, giving birth to many sub-styles.The original style - known as the Okinawa style - is a very hard and external style. It employs circular means of defense while its attack is linear in nature. The physical condition is extremely rigorous, as compared to the Japanese style of Karate. The Japanese style of Karate is more stylistic and its movements are linear in both defense and offense.
Some of the important Karate sub-styles are:
(i) Wado-Ryu style, which combines JiuJitsu movements with Okinawa karate techniques, and
(ii) Uechi-Ryu style, which blends Okinawa Karate with Chinese martial arts tactics. The Uechi-Ryu style appears more Chinese than Japanese though it is a blend of both the cultures.As you know, Karate is a fast-paced martial art that involves electric movements of the hands and legs. So, you need to ensure that you are attired in a comfortable Karate uniform.As Karate involves close combat and can be lethal, you will also need to protect your head and groin by strapping on a head guard and groin protector, respectively. Arm, chest and leg guards are available too, and so are karate mitts and shin protectors. And, of course, mouth guards can be considered too, just in case.To train for Karate, you will need jump ropes, breakable boards, a Karate training board and a Karate training system. To perform Karate exercises, you will need leg and body stretchers, mats, water training bags, punching bags and pull-up and push-up bars.And, finally, before you go out there to practice Karate, do not forget to plug in a first aid kit in your bag.Karate not only keeps your body fit, it also strengthens your mind and enhances your concentration. Only thing, you must learn to respect it and practice it seriously as an art.
The Five Core Ethics Of Karate
Martial Arts is more than strikingMany martial arts schools around the world promote a philosophy of self-improvement as well as an expected standard of technical skill. When you think about it, it is the philosophy rather than the technical skill that should influence every practitioner’s daily life.The martial arts philosophy, or at least the traditional karate philosophy, is called the Dojo-Kun. The Dojo-Kun is simply a five point ethical guide for training in the martial arts and for behavior in your everyday life and is sometimes called the “Student Creed” in English. The traditional karate ethics are often translated as:· To strive for the perfection of character· To follow the paths of truth· To foster a spirit of effort· To honor the principles of etiquette· To guard against impetuous courageIn many traditional karate schools these precepts are chanted at the beginning and end of each lesson in Japanese, and in other schools in English. In some schools there is no chanting at all, just a posting of the principles on the dojo wall and other schools invent their own “Student Creed.”I’m not here to tell you which way is right or wrong, but what you should do when choosing a martial arts school is ask yourself whether the core values of that school resonate with your view of life and your moral ethics. After all you are exposing yourself and your family to a very emotive venture by beginning your karate journey. A conflict of moral values is likely to “Dim Mak” (deliver a Death Touch to) your involvement in the martial arts from the very beginning.The Dojo-Kun’s precepts can offer a very simple template for following a virtuous path and for reaching your potential in everything you do and for being a good citizen. It’s up to you to decide how this philosophy fits in with your own ideals and ethics.Most people find these five core ethics to be something that they can relate to on an intimate basis; some people don’t place much value on the philosophy of the martial arts and are in your karate class alongside you for very different reasons such as self-defense or basic health and fitness.The phrase “each unto his own” is definitely applicable here. As with so many things in life, we have to find our own way given our own set of criteria and backgrounds.Essentially there are many other paths to self-realization and understanding of the greater world around you. The martial arts simply offer a valuable template for beginning to understand yourself and others through understanding movement, power, speed, timing, energy, tension, relaxation and harmony. It is a beginning in what can be a long and extremely rewarding journey.
KARATE BASICS
WHAT IS KARATE
Karate is first and foremost a martial art; this fact must always be remembered. On its simplest level, karate is a method of unarmed combat, utilising punches, kicks, and blocks to subdue an attacker. As a student progresses, locks, throws and other techniques are added.
MEANING OF KARATE
The word is formed from the Japanese words Kara (empty) and Te (hand), symbolising that its practitioners - Karateka - are unarmed, but use their hands and feet for blocking and striking. Training is conducted within an environment based on certain Japanese cultural practices.
BASIC PRINCIPLES AND KARATE TECHNIQUES
Punching,striking, kicking, and blocking, are the fundamental karate techniques.
They are at once the beginning and the final goal of karate. Any one can easily learn to perform these basic movements in little more than two months, but perfection in their performance may be impossible. Therefore, students must practice regularly and employ maximum concentration and effort in the performance of each movement. However, practice will not achieve its object if it is undertaken incorrectly. Unless students learn techniques on a scientific basis, under an instructor employing a systematic and properly scheduled training system, their efforts will be in vain. Karate training can be considered scientific only when it is conducted on the basis of correct physical and physiological principles.
Balance and Center of Gravity
Karate is not the only sport that concentrates on the optimum utilization of the human body or embraces principles taught in physics and physiology. All the martial arts and most other sports depend on correct form for the effectiveness of their techniques. In baseball, good batting form is necessary to attain a high batting average. A fencer spends years perfecting movements which, to the layman, look easy. Such practice results in body movement, or form, which is physically and physiologically correct. Correct form is especially important in karate. All parts of the body must harmonize to provide the stability necessary to sustain the shock of delivering a kick or punch.
The karate student must often stand on one foot to attack or defend. Thus, balance is of prime importance. If the feet are placed far apart, with a consequent lowering of the center of gravity, a kick or punch will be stronger. However, it is easier to move if the center of gravity is somewhat higher and the feet closer together rather than spread to the maximum possible extent. Therefore, although stability is important, there is a point beyond which it is not worth going. If the student is overly concerned with stability, he will lose elasticity. If he bends his knees too much to maintain balance, his kick will not be effective. Thus, the position of the body and, consequently, the center of gravity, depends upon the circumstances.
The center of gravity is always shifting. Sometimes body weight is evenly distributed between both feet, and sometimes there is more on one foot than on the other. When performing yoko-geri (side kick), the weight is completely shifted to one foot. In this case, the student must stand firmly on one leg, otherwise the shock of delivering the kick will upset his balance.
Power and Speed
The possession of muscular strength alone will not enable one to excel in the martial arts or, for that matter, in any sport. The effective use of strength is important. The application of power to any movement depends on a number of factors. One of the most important of these is speed.
The basic punching and kicking techniques of karate achieve their power by the concentration of maximum force at the moment of impact. This concentration of force depends greatly upon the speed will result in increased power. The punch of an advanced karateka can travel at a speed of 43 feet per second, and generate power to destroy equal to 1,500 pounds.
Speed is an important element in the application of power, but speed cannot achieve its greatest affect without good control.
The kind of movement needed in fundamental karate techniques is not one which will move a heavy object slowly, but one which will move a light object with maximum speed. Thus, the strong but slow exercise of power necessary to lift a barbell is not as effective in karate as the power developed by hitting the punching board (makiwara) with great speed.
Concentration of Power
A punch or kick will be weak if applied with the arm or leg alone. To achieve maximum power it is necessary to use the strength of all parts of the body simultaneously. When punching or kicking, power moves from the center of the body, the major muscles, to the extremities, ending in the hand or foot. This power moves from one part of the body to the next at a speed of 1/100 of a second. The whole movement from beginning to end takes only .15 to .18 of a second if the momentum possible in this action is correctly exploited. Training should be conducted so that all available strength is focused in the foot when kicking or in the hand when punching.
It is important that the various muscles and tendons are kept loose and relaxed to permit instant response to changing circumstances. If the muscles are already tense, they cannot be further tensed at the moment of focus.
Power concentrated at the time of focus must be instantly released to prepare for the succeeding action. Constant training in alternately tensing and relaxing the body is very important to acquire proficiency in the application of karate techniques.
Power Muscular
Power to the body is supplied by the muscles. Well-trained, powerful, and elastic muscles are mandatory in karate. Even if the student is well-versed in karate theory and knows the principles of the dynamics of movement, his technique will be weak if his muscles are not strong enough. Therefore, constant training is necessary to strengthen the muscles of the body.
If karate training is to be conducted scientifically, it is also necessary to know which muscles are employed in the execution of a particular technique. When practicing a new technique, students sometimes use unnecessary muscles or muscles which actually hinder the performance of the technique. Therefore, beginners must carefully follow the advice of their teachers. When the proper muscles operate fully and harmoniously, the technique will be strong and effective. On the other hand, if unnecessary muscles operate there will result, at the very least, a loss of energy, and at worst an ineffective technique.
Rhythm
An essential element in the performance of techniques in the martial arts and other sports is rhythm. The proper execution of a series of movement in any sports is impossible without rhythm. Also, the rhythm evident in the movements of athletes is more complicated than, and cannot be expressed in terms of, musical rhythm. It is essential for the karate student to learn correct rhythm in both the basic techniques and in the more advanced sparring (kumite).
Rhythm is especially necessary in the performance of formal exercise (kata). We have been taught since early times that the three most important elements in kata performance are the application of strength at the correct time, the control of speed in techniques and from technique to technique, and the smooth transition of the body from one technique to the next. These requirements cannot be fulfilled without rhythm. The kata performance of the person advanced in karate is powerful, rhythmical, and consequently, beautiful.
Timing
Correct timing is of utmost importance in applying techniques. If timing is faulty, the technique will fail. A kick or punch which is directed at the target either too early or too late is often fruitless.
The start of a technique is of first importance in any consideration of timing. To start their particular movements more effectively, baseball players and golfers condition their swings with practice swings. However, there is not opportunity for anything like a practice swing in karate, where the outcome can be decided in an instant. A failure in timing could be disastrous.
The attack in karate must be launched with the hands and feet in the usual position of readiness or defense. Obviously, the hands and feet must always be positioned so that techniques can be easily and quickly applied. Immediately after the application of a technique, they must be returned to their former position, ready for the following movement. Moreover, during the course of these movements the body must be kept relaxed, but alert, with the muscles full of energy and ready for any eventuality.
Power for Lower Abdomen and Hips
In Japan the importance of the tanden has been taught from early times. Teachers of the martial arts, and those of other arts and disciplines, have constantly emphasized the importance of the tanden in achieving competence. This region was emphasized because it was felt that here was centered the human spirit, and that this area provided the basis of power and balance.
The tanden actually is that area behind the navel, in the center of the body. When standing erect, the body’s center of gravity is located here. If the stance is correct in karate, the center of gravity will be found in the tanden. A correct stance will enable the student to maintain the balance of both the upper and lower parts of his body, resulting in harmonious interplay of the muscles and a minimum loss of energy.
If the power concentrated in the tanden is brought into play in executing karate techniques, the pelvic and hip bones will be firmly supported by the thighs, and the trunk by the spine. This interlocking will produce strong techniques.
The center of the body, i.e., the lower abdominal area and the hips, plays a great part in our various movements. Therefore, try to punch with the hips, kick with the hips, and block with the hips.
Karate is first and foremost a martial art; this fact must always be remembered. On its simplest level, karate is a method of unarmed combat, utilising punches, kicks, and blocks to subdue an attacker. As a student progresses, locks, throws and other techniques are added.
MEANING OF KARATE
The word is formed from the Japanese words Kara (empty) and Te (hand), symbolising that its practitioners - Karateka - are unarmed, but use their hands and feet for blocking and striking. Training is conducted within an environment based on certain Japanese cultural practices.
BASIC PRINCIPLES AND KARATE TECHNIQUES
Punching,striking, kicking, and blocking, are the fundamental karate techniques.
They are at once the beginning and the final goal of karate. Any one can easily learn to perform these basic movements in little more than two months, but perfection in their performance may be impossible. Therefore, students must practice regularly and employ maximum concentration and effort in the performance of each movement. However, practice will not achieve its object if it is undertaken incorrectly. Unless students learn techniques on a scientific basis, under an instructor employing a systematic and properly scheduled training system, their efforts will be in vain. Karate training can be considered scientific only when it is conducted on the basis of correct physical and physiological principles.
Balance and Center of Gravity
Karate is not the only sport that concentrates on the optimum utilization of the human body or embraces principles taught in physics and physiology. All the martial arts and most other sports depend on correct form for the effectiveness of their techniques. In baseball, good batting form is necessary to attain a high batting average. A fencer spends years perfecting movements which, to the layman, look easy. Such practice results in body movement, or form, which is physically and physiologically correct. Correct form is especially important in karate. All parts of the body must harmonize to provide the stability necessary to sustain the shock of delivering a kick or punch.
The karate student must often stand on one foot to attack or defend. Thus, balance is of prime importance. If the feet are placed far apart, with a consequent lowering of the center of gravity, a kick or punch will be stronger. However, it is easier to move if the center of gravity is somewhat higher and the feet closer together rather than spread to the maximum possible extent. Therefore, although stability is important, there is a point beyond which it is not worth going. If the student is overly concerned with stability, he will lose elasticity. If he bends his knees too much to maintain balance, his kick will not be effective. Thus, the position of the body and, consequently, the center of gravity, depends upon the circumstances.
The center of gravity is always shifting. Sometimes body weight is evenly distributed between both feet, and sometimes there is more on one foot than on the other. When performing yoko-geri (side kick), the weight is completely shifted to one foot. In this case, the student must stand firmly on one leg, otherwise the shock of delivering the kick will upset his balance.
Power and Speed
The possession of muscular strength alone will not enable one to excel in the martial arts or, for that matter, in any sport. The effective use of strength is important. The application of power to any movement depends on a number of factors. One of the most important of these is speed.
The basic punching and kicking techniques of karate achieve their power by the concentration of maximum force at the moment of impact. This concentration of force depends greatly upon the speed will result in increased power. The punch of an advanced karateka can travel at a speed of 43 feet per second, and generate power to destroy equal to 1,500 pounds.
Speed is an important element in the application of power, but speed cannot achieve its greatest affect without good control.
The kind of movement needed in fundamental karate techniques is not one which will move a heavy object slowly, but one which will move a light object with maximum speed. Thus, the strong but slow exercise of power necessary to lift a barbell is not as effective in karate as the power developed by hitting the punching board (makiwara) with great speed.
Concentration of Power
A punch or kick will be weak if applied with the arm or leg alone. To achieve maximum power it is necessary to use the strength of all parts of the body simultaneously. When punching or kicking, power moves from the center of the body, the major muscles, to the extremities, ending in the hand or foot. This power moves from one part of the body to the next at a speed of 1/100 of a second. The whole movement from beginning to end takes only .15 to .18 of a second if the momentum possible in this action is correctly exploited. Training should be conducted so that all available strength is focused in the foot when kicking or in the hand when punching.
It is important that the various muscles and tendons are kept loose and relaxed to permit instant response to changing circumstances. If the muscles are already tense, they cannot be further tensed at the moment of focus.
Power concentrated at the time of focus must be instantly released to prepare for the succeeding action. Constant training in alternately tensing and relaxing the body is very important to acquire proficiency in the application of karate techniques.
Power Muscular
Power to the body is supplied by the muscles. Well-trained, powerful, and elastic muscles are mandatory in karate. Even if the student is well-versed in karate theory and knows the principles of the dynamics of movement, his technique will be weak if his muscles are not strong enough. Therefore, constant training is necessary to strengthen the muscles of the body.
If karate training is to be conducted scientifically, it is also necessary to know which muscles are employed in the execution of a particular technique. When practicing a new technique, students sometimes use unnecessary muscles or muscles which actually hinder the performance of the technique. Therefore, beginners must carefully follow the advice of their teachers. When the proper muscles operate fully and harmoniously, the technique will be strong and effective. On the other hand, if unnecessary muscles operate there will result, at the very least, a loss of energy, and at worst an ineffective technique.
Rhythm
An essential element in the performance of techniques in the martial arts and other sports is rhythm. The proper execution of a series of movement in any sports is impossible without rhythm. Also, the rhythm evident in the movements of athletes is more complicated than, and cannot be expressed in terms of, musical rhythm. It is essential for the karate student to learn correct rhythm in both the basic techniques and in the more advanced sparring (kumite).
Rhythm is especially necessary in the performance of formal exercise (kata). We have been taught since early times that the three most important elements in kata performance are the application of strength at the correct time, the control of speed in techniques and from technique to technique, and the smooth transition of the body from one technique to the next. These requirements cannot be fulfilled without rhythm. The kata performance of the person advanced in karate is powerful, rhythmical, and consequently, beautiful.
Timing
Correct timing is of utmost importance in applying techniques. If timing is faulty, the technique will fail. A kick or punch which is directed at the target either too early or too late is often fruitless.
The start of a technique is of first importance in any consideration of timing. To start their particular movements more effectively, baseball players and golfers condition their swings with practice swings. However, there is not opportunity for anything like a practice swing in karate, where the outcome can be decided in an instant. A failure in timing could be disastrous.
The attack in karate must be launched with the hands and feet in the usual position of readiness or defense. Obviously, the hands and feet must always be positioned so that techniques can be easily and quickly applied. Immediately after the application of a technique, they must be returned to their former position, ready for the following movement. Moreover, during the course of these movements the body must be kept relaxed, but alert, with the muscles full of energy and ready for any eventuality.
Power for Lower Abdomen and Hips
In Japan the importance of the tanden has been taught from early times. Teachers of the martial arts, and those of other arts and disciplines, have constantly emphasized the importance of the tanden in achieving competence. This region was emphasized because it was felt that here was centered the human spirit, and that this area provided the basis of power and balance.
The tanden actually is that area behind the navel, in the center of the body. When standing erect, the body’s center of gravity is located here. If the stance is correct in karate, the center of gravity will be found in the tanden. A correct stance will enable the student to maintain the balance of both the upper and lower parts of his body, resulting in harmonious interplay of the muscles and a minimum loss of energy.
If the power concentrated in the tanden is brought into play in executing karate techniques, the pelvic and hip bones will be firmly supported by the thighs, and the trunk by the spine. This interlocking will produce strong techniques.
The center of the body, i.e., the lower abdominal area and the hips, plays a great part in our various movements. Therefore, try to punch with the hips, kick with the hips, and block with the hips.
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